that select Big 4 auditors are firms that have higher reporting quality. As a result, without auditor factors, these firms innate fewer mistakes that require audit adjustments. For auditor factor

economic recovery in the next stage would be subject to the situation of the new wave of COVID-19 pandemic, the efficacy and coverage of COVID-19 vaccination, the recovery of foreign tourist arrivals as well

Criteria and determining the eligibility of the bond for certification. Eligibility for certification depends on the efficacy and thoroughness of the issuer’s Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Plan and

utility measure.” A utility approach is especially apt to evaluate strategies with uncertain results. For example, Scott and Watson (2013) use a utility maximization model to benchmark the efficacy of

issue affect independence of the auditors and the firms, but it also undermines the efficacy of the firms’ client acceptance and continuance process. The SEC believes that it is important that the audit

set out clear definition of related parties. Not only does this issue affect independence of the auditors and the firms, but it also undermines the efficacy of the firms’ client acceptance and

Investor Strategies for Incorporating ESG Considerations into Corporate Interactions www.blackrock.com www.ceres.org Century21st Engagement Investor Strategies for Incorporating ESG Considerations into Corporate Interactions [ 5 ] FOREWORD The Value of Our Voice ......................................................................................................................................... 1 How ESG Megatrends Are Shaping Valuation ...........................................................