acts as the oversight body, is overseen by an independent body. Such an auditor oversight body must operate in the public interest, and have an appropriate membership, an adequate charter of

Channels 23 Yuthana Sethapramote, Ph.D., Graduate School of Development Economics, NIDA 1. the degree of openness • 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑖,𝑡 = (𝐸𝐸𝑂𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑖,𝑡 + 𝐼𝐼𝑂𝐸𝐸𝐸𝑖,𝑡 )/𝐺𝐷𝐺𝑖,𝑡 2.the trade share in

DODD-FRANK ACT • Financial crisis revealed behemoth players in financial industry were not overseen by any regulatory authority • Dodd-Frank mandated additional SEC oversight on PE and HF firms JUNE 22

for the openness of the free trade policy Economic expansion in the developing countries and the continued growth of low-cost airlines, especially in Asia. For the total multi-products fuel

for the openness of the free trade policy Economic expansion in the developing countries and the continued growth of low-cost airlines, especially in Asia. For the total multi-products fuel

Effectiveness The chair is responsible for leadership of the board and ensuring its effectiveness. The chair should ensure a culture of openness and constructive debate that allows a range of views to be

or insurance business. This collects assets and manages them on behalf of beneficiaries or clients; its obligation is to preserve and enhance value on their behalf. It is usually overseen by some form

insurance are combined, at least under a common holding company. There is little guidance on how such financial conglomerates should be overseen or regulated beyond general requirements to separate certain

unitary board is overseen by an internal auditor’s body, the principles applicable to the board are also, mutatis mutandis, applicable. As the definition of the term “key executive” may vary among

standards should be overseen by bodies independent of the pro- fession. Recommendations:  Asian Roundtable economies should work towards convergence with high quality internationally recognised standards and