information and calling of additional shareholders? meetings which is not only costly but also affects plan of the companies in certain cases. The revised CMSB regulations will bring about more efficiency of
replace the current regime whereby each license represents a bundle of business undertakings, which proves to be costly to licensees. The revision would allow more flexibility and support future types of
violation harder to detect “Easy” to do Constraints More costly to the firms Auditor and regulators’ scrutiny and litigation risk the sum of accruals must be zero over the life of the firm. Model Test
/ regulatory action 5. Advertising, raising customer awareness • One state regulator describes their role as making advisors reveal their “verification of misconduct” (costly verification) • Conditional on a
estate development projects but due to the feasibility study of the project, the Company considered that the development of the project on such land is costly and not cost effective. The Company, therefore
, brings about different outcomes, and can be applied on different levels. The supervisory mechanism covers three areas, i.e., self-discipline, market discipline and regulatory discipline. To create
account for newer, more costly production processes to comply with new social and environmental regulations (i.e. anti-pollution). Apply balance sheet impairment charges to reduce (“write down”) the book
Strategic Betas in use 36 Risk-based explanation Behavioral explanation Value Costly reversibility of assets inplace leads to high sensitivity to economic shocks in bad times Over-reaction to bad news and
require substantial water resources to operate Environmental sensitivities: Costly habitat relocation or remediation and additional permitting can be required if sites are located on environmentally