practical challenges, providing valuable insights for auditors to apply in their financial audits of IPO and listed companies. The event was held at the TFAC Building on 12 January 2024. 

introduce several variables intended to control for the firm’s specific characteristics and other macroeconomic shocks and uncertainty. ❑ Following prior literature on political risk and firm value, we

newspapers. Baker, Bloom, and Davis (2016), for example, develop an index for economic policy uncertainty (EPU) by analyzing uncertainty-related words in newspapers using textual techniques. Their text-based

(Internal) 4 I. INTRODUCTION (CONT.) Real economy: • Market failure: • E.g. financial constraints, uncertainty, dynamic externality. • Then, in capital investment (CAPEX), e.g. R&D expenditures (Choi & Lee

created to push forward the comparable quality of financial reporting standards adopted by every country in the region. All in all, the events contributed valuable learning experiences to the participants

, ThaiBMA is a valuable contributor of opinions and recommendations in practical matters that benefit the development of the Thai bond market,” said SEC Secretary-General. Over the years, the SEC and ThaiBMA

valuable ESG information for use when analyzing and valuing securities. No global standard exists for integrating ESG information into investment analysis and valuation; the integration of ESG information

expensive mutual funds that underperform), but still provides other valuable services that enable a client to achieve his or her goals. While this financial advisor may have failed from a pure alpha

Tinelli, Amanda Feldman,Belissa Rojas, Jennifer Flynn (editing) and Maja Bialon (graphic design). UNDP also thanks the many organizations who have contributed time and valuable input through the development

increased .In addition the Social security revenue of subsidiaries decreased because of the uncertainty of the payment system of Social security office. 2. Cost of hospital operations & Administrative