❑ 9/11 has fundamentally shaped how GPR affect firm value, the country-specific idiosyncratic component is the primary driver of the adverse impact, as opposed to global factor previously. Before VS
, Jiang (2008) has classified three earnings types: positive earnings (i.e., profits), positive earnings changes, and positive earnings surprises. 7 Earnings are shaped by management’s motives. Graham et al
of digital technology, which has shaped a new trend of consumption amid intensified borderless business competition via digital channel. To brace for these numerous challenges, KBank prioritizes the