, deterring many companies from becoming ones. The dispersion of authority and supervision among several agencies and under several laws causes duplication of work, a lack of coherence and continuity. Besides
, embezzlement of company assets, conflicts of interests, or window dressing. Unfair treatments related to securities trading, for instance, market manipulation, insider trading and dissemination of false
has been completed; ● In case of unfair securities trading (such as price manipulation, insider trading, and dissemination of false statements), the SEC may proceed through criminal fining or criminal