support of the positive CSR effect on firm value irrespective of which proxy is used to identify CSR latent variable. Third, this study shows that CSR strategies based on a single pillar of ESG or the
directives. Later, COVID-19 pandemic situation in Thailand saw positive signs, the government and government agencies eased restrictions to control the epidemic widespread of COVID-19 and issued measures to
demand constant. For EV penetration rates we aggregate the State and Territory EV 2030 targets. Subsequently, the IEA SDS is applied post-2030, aligning to a 2° warming outcome and net zero only by 2070
Research Hypotheses •𝐻1: Cryptocurrency-related announcements are associated with positive stock returns. •𝐻2: Firms announcing direct investment in cryptocurrency earn higher market reaction. •𝐻3: Firms
ECB resolved to hold its policy rate steady at zero percent. However, the ECB lowered its interest rate on the deposit facility, putting it more deeply into negative territory, while it also planned to
comfortable triple digit territory. IVL stands to benefit from margin expansion with the resumption of production of EO-EG since June 2017. The commercialization of the ethylene cracker scheduled for later
strategies including the launching of new products which were got positive feedback from the customers. Besides, the product segment management and the improvement of customer services were well implemented
of voluntary information disclosure via social media, firms would be facing incentives to only release positive news…but do they? • Trueman (1997) proposes a model showing that rational managers also
. • In other words, firms prefer reporting small profits to reporting losses, showing increasing earnings over previous periods’ earnings, and announcing positive earnings surprises relative to analysts
., 2009). Their evidence indicates that there are valuation premiums for firms surpassing three benchmarks. Several studies suggest that incremental positive effects on prices or returns, also known as