by MSCI (with country GPR data availability) between 1985 and 2019, from Refinitiv Datastream. ❑ Dependent variable used to measure firm value is Tobin’s Q. ❑ To ensure the results are robust, we
of March 2019, deposits continued to expand while loans dropped slightly. Consequently, the ratio of loans to deposits declined from the end of 2018. However, loan quality was relatively stable as the
equations. Measurement errors are included in the measurement equations while the error term is located in the structural equation. Extant studies usually employ Tobin’s Q ratio as a measure of firm value
value : 2. Illiquidity ratio : 3. Adjusted zero return measures : Page 14/40 Literature Review (Cont’) 4. Illiquidity ratio is developed on Amihud (2002) : 5. Return reversal measure is proposed by Pastor
parts. The prospect of lower oil prices is likely to push down headline inflation in 2019, while core inflation is expected to be stable, reflecting more modest growth in private consumption. It is likely
portfolio has continued to grow satisfactorily expanding by 2.1% during 1Q21, the yield on loan for 1Q21 has declined to 6.8% comparing to 7.7% yoy resulting in a stable interest income yoy. Additionally
SME loans will be relatively stable compared with the previous quarter. Demand for consumer loans is likely to decrease significantly due to the Covid-19 outbreak and public health measures. Some
principals to be repaid, discounted as the present value. It is used to measure the rate of return of a fixed income fund, calculated from the weighted average of yield to maturity of each debt instrument in
market liquidity indexes are (1) turnover value (2) illiquidity ratio (3) adjusted zero return measure (4) illiquidity ratio (5) return reversal measure (6) Liu’s measure or turnover adjusted number of
principals to be repaid, discounted as the present value. It is used to measure the rate of return of a fixed income fund, calculated from the weighted average of yield to maturity of each debt instrument in