increase the likelihood of constructing a pair of matched green and conventional bonds II. Approaching Green Bond Premium THE EVIDENCE ON THE GREEN BOND PREMIUM IN ASIA-PACIFIC AND EUROPEAN MARKETS l Page 11
Blanchett, Kowara, and Chen (2012), determines the annual withdrawal amount annually based on the ongoing likelihood of portfolio survivability and mortality experience. 5. Liability-Relative Optimization
, savings and investment returns together with mortality and morbidity data. • It sets the self-discipline saving rate such that the probability of the bequest being less than funeral expenses is at a pre
estimated using the Probit Maximum Likelihood Estimation method. This model controls for growth opportunities, capital structure, and business cycle (Fama and French, 1995: Lang et al., 1996; Fama and French
2021 M&A activity which impacts KPIs and the probability of achieving SPTs is likely to impact the price at which SLBs trade. As such, disclosure of material changes to operations must be done in
historical returns Maximum Withdrawal rate for a 30 year period, with the starting point varying by year The idea of “safe” was measured by the likelihood that you would still have money left after 30 years
. Hypothesis construction • Assuming the geometric Brownian process with an expected return (ν) and a standard deviation (σ) • We can find that the probability of an uptick and a downtick with different tick
likely) to be binding. – If good information day -> prompt investors to buy -> resulting in a high probability of an informed buy. – If bad day -> investors do not own the stock, so they cannot sell it
ประเมินโอกาสเกิดเหตุการณค์วามเสีย่ง กำหนดระดับโอกาสเกิดเหตุการณ์ความเสี่ยง (likelihood) โดยพิจารณาจากลักษณะของธุรกิจ ดังตารางต่อไปนี้ ทั้งนี้ หากผู้ประกอบธุรกิจมีการดำเนินธุรกิจมากกว่า 1 ประเภท ให้ใช้
is a tool to enhance critical strategic thinking by challenging “business-as-usual” assumptions, and to explore alternatives based on their relative impact and likelihood of occurrence. Scenarios are