earnings benchmarks extensively documents that market rewards firms reporting a string of consecutively earnings increases. To date, it is still unclear what an earnings string really means. This paper

process, incentives or rewards to employees with good performance, and management measures for employees who do not achieve the targets. Such processes are well informed to executives and employees. 4.3 The

/29/2015 4 Earnings Distributions (3) • Earnings Forecasts (Burgstahler and Eames, 2006) 6/29/2015 5 Motivation • Markets assign rewards (penalties) for firms with meeting or beating (missing) these

Performance measurement should integrate risk considerations so that there are no rewards for taking inappropriate risks at the expense of the company and its shareholders. Performance related elements should

in 2018, the company booked additional accrued bonuses while in the past the company paid compensation to employees only in the form of incentives. Therefore, there were both incentives and accrued

that these provide appropriate incentives to those individuals. In particular, they may wish to assure themselves that pay structures for individuals do not inappropriately incentivise risk-taking

of voluntary information disclosure via social media, firms would be facing incentives to only release positive news…but do they? • Trueman (1997) proposes a model showing that rational managers also

al. (2019) • If government subsidies were misused (improper incentives & inaccurate) information. • Inefficient resource allocation. • Unfair market competition. • Corrupt practices. 5 GOVERNMENT

year. However, 4th quarter company recognized tax income from BOI incentives that permit to carry forward losses (as in the early stage of first production line operation, company has annual losses) and

. Navigating complex tax incentives for retirement saving 1. Life-cycle patterns of retirement saving and adequacy implications 7 32.6% 38.7% 25.3% 3.4%Others Provident funds Mutual funds (RMF/SSF) Insurance 100