seriously come into question, especially when it involves those with high-level positions. The SEC, then, prefers that audit firms limit their risk exposures by progressively reducing the extent of personal
performed the tests without determining any expected values and/or the acceptable discrepancies. Often, the methods chosen will be more effective if applied to a certain level of data aggregation than others
returns by taking on more market risk deliver less risk- adjusted returns on average. This result echoes the stock-level finding by Saengchote (2017) that Thai stocks with high betas tend to have low alphas
conditions. Specifically, CSR of firms with high customer awareness, as proxied by advertising expenses, is positively related to firm value. 6 However, the relation is either negative or insignificant for
market Moderate to high exposure to the capital market Low to moderate exposure to the capital market Low exposure to the capital market Figure 1: The firm-level inspection results, categorized by risk
regulatory concern, both global & national level Responding to climate change focus Growing institutional and retail investors interest Shifting consumer preferences and embedding in business increasing global
-risk or complex products, i.e., derivatives, high-risk or complex of debt securities and mutual funds 1 Obtained a bachelor’s degree. ✓ ✓ ✓ 2 Passed Level 1 or higher of the Certified Investment and
problem of purchasing power and incomes which have not yet recovered. Furthermore the liability stayed in high level and this was slightly speeded up the consumption. Therefore, it affected the expense
crypto traders (particularly high-risk individuals) take more risk after losses (particularly during downturn) Thai crypto (low-risk) individuals take more risk after paper losses, and less risk after
household income were decreased, together with household debt that remained stay in high level, therefore it caused the decrease of household sector’s purchasing power continually. While the investment of