Detecting Corporate’s Earnings Manipulation in Thailand Corporate Governance Attributes and Audit Report Timeliness: Mediating Role of Corporate Disclosure and Transparency and Moderating Role of

European fixed income – trends and analysis SEC Classification : ใชภ้ายใน (Internal) - R E S P O N S I B L E I N V E S T M E N T - ESG Incorporation & Investment Strategies in Fixed Income Carmen

expand on the back of domestic demand momentum. Private consumption expanded in line with the continual broad-based improvements in household income. Domestic investment expanded at a slower pace than

expand on the back of domestic demand momentum. Private consumption expanded in line with the continual broad-based improvements in household income. Domestic investment expanded at a slower pace than

household debt remained elevated, economic expansion had yet to benefit household income in a broad-based manner, and the low level of some agricultural price resulting in a gradual improvement. Private

household debt remained elevated, economic expansion had yet to benefit household income in a broad-based manner, and the low level of some agricultural price resulting in a gradual improvement. Private

; Aerts & Zhang, 2014) 5 Patterns of Earnings Management • Income minimization/ Taking a big bath - during periods of high profitability - during the crisis (Kousenidis et al. , 2013) - to avoid political

% Corporate income tax -1 -2 1 -21% 0 0 0 -0% Earnings (Loss) for the Period -88 3 -91 3,259% -63 -6 -57 904% Non controlling interest -1 0 -1 782% 0 0 0 0% Net Earnings (Loss) -87 3 -90 3,327% -63 -6 -57 904

income tax -8 -10 2 -20% -7 -8 1 -13% Earnings (Loss) for the Period -50 39 -89 -228% -29 37 -66 -178% Non controlling interest - 1 -1 -100% - - - - Net Earnings (Loss) -50 38 -88 -232% -29 37 -66 -178

21% Corporate income tax 8 - 10 - 18 -180% 10 - 2 12 -600% Earnings (Loss) for the Period - 183 - 14 - 169 1207% - 115 - 9 - 106 1178% Non controlling interest 3 3 - 0% - - - 0% Net Earnings (Loss