risk in any market environment. Diversification or asset allocation does not guarantee a profit or protect against the risk of a loss in any market. The indices referenced herein are broad-based

characteristics (Matsumoto, 2002) - Institutional ownership - Reliance on implicit claims with their stockholders - Value-relevance of earnings Natural disasters (such as hurricanes: Byard et al. 2007

to their beneficiaries and clients, and thereby also help support the positive economic performance of companies and the broad markets in which they invest, helping foster sustainable growth and job

are sustainably different from the underlying financial version of the agency theory. It assumes that each stakeholder is a part of implicit and explicit contracts that can contribute to a corporation

implicit in the methodology but have been clarified through notes Web pages that facilitate dissemination Research highlights on the credit implications of ESG trends and factors ESG- specific conferences or

products (i.e., annuities), tax-efficient allocation decisions, and a portfolio optimization that includes a proxy for the investor’s implicit and/or explicit liabilities. Each of these five Gamma components

as voluntary process guidelines intended for broad use by the market. The GBP recommend transparency and disclosure, and promote integrity in the development of the green bond market. The ASEAN GBS

taxonomies for determining the environmental sustainability of projects. The GBP encourage all participants in the market to use this foundation to develop their own robust practices, referencing a broad set

Goals (SDGs) is now available and aims to provide a broad frame of reference by which issuers, investors and bond market participants can evaluate the financing objectives of a given Green, Social or

, referencing a broad set of complementary criteria as relevant. The GBP are collaborative and consultative in nature based on the contributions of Members and Observers of the Principles, and of the wider