Commerce. This topic measures the strength of minority shareholder protection against directors' misuse of corporate assets for their personal gain as well as shareholder rights, governance safeguards and
), while Transparency International (TI) defines corruption as an abuse of entrusted power for private gains, in both public and private sectors. The European Union defines corruption as the abuse of
related associations The SEC has the power to make an order for the directors or members to clarify about facts of the associations. The SEC or the officers are empowered to enter the association during the
(CMSB) has the power and duty under the Securities and Exchange Act that include issuance of rules and regulations governing the securities industry and reporting to the SEC Board. The CMSB comprises
management of the mutual fund may cause damage or unfair treatment to the investors. (5) The operation of the mutual fund is inconsistent with the approved scheme. In this connection, the SEC has the power