characteristics (Matsumoto, 2002) - Institutional ownership - Reliance on implicit claims with their stockholders - Value-relevance of earnings Natural disasters (such as hurricanes: Byard et al. 2007

performance drives earnings persistence. His findings are consistent with firms with more persistent earnings are fundamentally stronger. Yao (2014) also documents that certain fundamentals – namely the

are sustainably different from the underlying financial version of the agency theory. It assumes that each stakeholder is a part of implicit and explicit contracts that can contribute to a corporation

implicit in the methodology but have been clarified through notes Web pages that facilitate dissemination Research highlights on the credit implications of ESG trends and factors ESG- specific conferences or

continued to expand, it has still been affected by high levels of household debt as well as persistent low prices for agricultural products. The performance of the company in this quarter is still in line

/ Frequent / Persistent 7 VE scale of assessment: Minor / Significant / High / Critical 8 VE scale of assessment: Non-communicative / Reactive / Remediative / Proactive 3  Verification – The KPI will be

does not constitute an implicit or explicit investment advice. The information provided herein is general in nature and does not constitute an advertisement of financial products in Switzerland pursuant

underlying asset(s) in which they invest – as discussed above. One aim of internal governance structures and the Principles in this respect is to minimise the frictional costs implicit in the investment chain

THAILAND CORPORATE ESG DISCLOSURE LISTED COMPANIES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR POLICY DEVELOPMENT Prepared by Robert Black, Dr Rory Sullivan, Ella Harvey and Chup Priovashini (Chronos Sustainability) May 2022 THAILAND CORPORATE ESG DISCLOSURE Contents Foreword from SEC Thailand ..................................................................................................................... 3 Foreword from World Bank ...................................................................................

products (i.e., annuities), tax-efficient allocation decisions, and a portfolio optimization that includes a proxy for the investor’s implicit and/or explicit liabilities. Each of these five Gamma components