performance of listed companies in Thailand. ⊷ The listed companies in Thailand are mostly family-owned businesses with high family ownership concentration that can weaken a firm’s corporate governance
regulatory concern, both global & national level Responding to climate change focus Growing institutional and retail investors interest Shifting consumer preferences and embedding in business increasing global
institutional investors into 12 high-level principles, six for obligations in relation to internal governance and six concerning their external role as investors. For each of these principles, the ICGN provides
-risk or complex products, i.e., derivatives, high-risk or complex of debt securities and mutual funds 1 Obtained a bachelor’s degree. ✓ ✓ ✓ 2 Passed Level 1 or higher of the Certified Investment and
products (i.e., annuities), tax-efficient allocation decisions, and a portfolio optimization that includes a proxy for the investor’s implicit and/or explicit liabilities. Each of these five Gamma components
earnings strings. 9 Theoretically, sufficiently high earnings persistence drives a string of earnings in the absence of a strong time trend in earnings. This, therefore, may be the case that the reward to
problem of purchasing power and incomes which have not yet recovered. Furthermore the liability stayed in high level and this was slightly speeded up the consumption. Therefore, it affected the expense
crypto traders (particularly high-risk individuals) take more risk after losses (particularly during downturn) Thai crypto (low-risk) individuals take more risk after paper losses, and less risk after
characteristics (Matsumoto, 2002) - Institutional ownership - Reliance on implicit claims with their stockholders - Value-relevance of earnings Natural disasters (such as hurricanes: Byard et al. 2007
household income were decreased, together with household debt that remained stay in high level, therefore it caused the decrease of household sector’s purchasing power continually. While the investment of