% YoY and 7% QoQ, mainly attributed to the refinery business in Q1/2018, where Total GRM decreased to 6.37 $/BBL (Q1/2017: 7.96 $/BBL, Q4/2017: 8.75 $/BBL), as there was an Inventory Loss of THB 70

crude run to a high level, although the Hydrogen Production Unit and Hydrocracking Unit underwent temporarily shut down between May and June. For this quarter, the gross refinery margin was 6.38 USD/BBL

63% YoY and 16% QoQ, mainly attributed to the refinery business in Q2/2018 where Total GRM increased to 12.82 $/BBL (Q2/2017: 4.18 $/BBL, Q1/2018: 6.37 $/BBL) Management Discussion and Analysis of

$/BBL, a decline of 19.69 $/BBL, or a decline approaching of almost 40% from the previous quarter. This has affected the performance of the refinery business. Moreover, the Thai economy, especially

. Gross refinery margin was 6.66 USD/BBL (+1.04 USD/BBL YoY, +0.28 USD/BBL QoQ), GRM was higher from the increase in crack spread of most finished oil products, while Dated Brent and Dubai crude spread (DTD

recorded at THB 13,543 million, increased by 14% YoY, mainly attributed to the refinery business. In 2017, Total GRM was 7.23 $/BBL an increase of 0.70 $/BBL when compared to 2016. The refinery business

Dubai crude in Q1/2020 was at 50.41 $/BBL, a decline of 11.63 $/BBL, or a decline approaching almost 20% from the previous quarter. Moreover, the COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand caused demand for fuel

the refinery business which recorded much higher production rate, and benefited from the narrower average DTD/DB spread, resulting in 8. 05 $/BBL of total GRM. Also from the higher average crude oil

recorded at THB 2,181 million, decreased by 34% YoY, mainly attributed to the refinery business’s Total GRM of 3.49 $/BBL, compared to Q1/2018’s 6.37 $/BBL. The decline was brought about by most of the

market, where the oil business is in on a downward trajectory following slowing global economy due to the trade war between the US and China. The Dubai crude price in 2019 averaged at 63.51 $/BBL, a