increase the likelihood of constructing a pair of matched green and conventional bonds II. Approaching Green Bond Premium THE EVIDENCE ON THE GREEN BOND PREMIUM IN ASIA-PACIFIC AND EUROPEAN MARKETS l Page 11
, savings and investment returns together with mortality and morbidity data. • It sets the self-discipline saving rate such that the probability of the bequest being less than funeral expenses is at a pre
rate, changes in the share of the business or financial indicator concerned, such as capacity or energy mix for utilities). 3-2 What level of granularity is expected with regards to the calculation
Blanchett, Kowara, and Chen (2012), determines the annual withdrawal amount annually based on the ongoing likelihood of portfolio survivability and mortality experience. 5. Liability-Relative Optimization
on an assessment by the Issuer and the Guarantor, taking into account the expected magnitude of their negative impact and the probability of their occurrence as they relate to the Group as a whole. The
. Hypothesis construction • Assuming the geometric Brownian process with an expected return (ν) and a standard deviation (σ) • We can find that the probability of an uptick and a downtick with different tick
descending order by the probability of occurrence of the risks and significance of their effects; (9) information about administration and management of the mutual fund; (10) warnings about the mutual fund; 1
likely) to be binding. – If good information day -> prompt investors to buy -> resulting in a high probability of an informed buy. – If bad day -> investors do not own the stock, so they cannot sell it
estimated using the Probit Maximum Likelihood Estimation method. This model controls for growth opportunities, capital structure, and business cycle (Fama and French, 1995: Lang et al., 1996; Fama and French
adequate time for their staff to complete audit work as required by the auditing standards. Based on our inspections of audit firms’ human resource structure, the SEC was concerned about both the current and