Section 133 Securities and Exchange Act B.E. 2535 Section 133. The securities company shall manage a private fund with honesty and care to preserve the interests of the person who has authorized the

investors based on proper and effective rules and regulations. This serves to assure investors that management companies will appropriately manage the investments for investors, keeping in mind the protection

on proper and effective rules and regulations. This serves to assure investors that management companies will appropriately manage the investments for investors, keeping in mind the protection and

Section 117 Securities and Exchange Act B.E. 2535 Section 117. In the management of a mutual fund, a securities company may set up and manage a mutual fund only when its application to set up the

misconduct, e.g. EM, compensation plans. Bartov et al. (2002); Guo (2019) Pressure firms to concentrate on short-term activities to generate profits. Manage R&D, acquire innovative firms, and invest in start

order, the timing, price or quantity of the order or how to manage the order after its submission, with limited or no human intervention.1 • Algorithmic trading, program trading, automated trading, and

whole or in part, to manage the business of the securities company only with the approval from the Office. In cases where it later appears that the persons under the first paragraph have the prohibited

Office in accordance with the rules, conditions and procedures specified in the notification of the SEC. The securities company may act as a custodian for the person who has authorized it to manage the

reported earnings objective - to avoid loss - to increases in annually earnings - to meet analysts’ earnings forecasts 4 Motivations to Manage Earnings Internal factors External factors Firm’s

companies oversee and manage such funds with honesty and integrity by exercising their knowledge, competency and expertise with due care and prudence of the same standard or in the same manner as a