company as seen appropriate, or clarify the reasons for inability to comply with the I Code, or implement a substitute measure. The I Code principle application and results should be disclosed on
investor’s experience, but rather a measure of the return earned collectively by all the investors in the fund. Investor returns are not a substitute for total returns but can be used in combination with total
This paper investigates if risk seeking investors substitute gambling activities for stock markets participation when volatility increases in stock markets. Using a large cross-section dataset of 20
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