focus on five fundamental financial planning decisions/techniques: a total wealth framework to determine the optimal asset allocation, a dynamic withdrawal strategy, incorporating guaranteed income

., 2018; CALISKAN et al., 2020) •Naive Portfolio •Minimizes risk without sacrificing expected returns(Tang, 2003) •Optimal strategy(Bock, 2018;Brown et al., 2013;li, 2018) 6 Background(Cont.) •Mean variance

that they deem optimal. • Similar to the US SEC ruling in April 2013, SEC Thailand may want to consider regulating the requirements for social media disclosure or regulating the types of information that

cannot generate revenue immediately; some investments are not fully utilized or have not reached an optimal level yet; and some projects are delayed. Thus, costs per unit climbed up at this point; 4

priority to maintain interest-bearing debt to equity ratio in an optimal level. At the end of the year, interest-bearing debt to equity ratio was 1.17. During the past 3 years, MK Group was able to improve

optimal level. At the end of third quarter, the ratio was 1.15x lower than 1.17x at the end of last year. During the first 9 months of this year, total revenues increased by THB 197 .02 million. For the

6.5%, declining from 8.1% of the previous year. However, the Company gave priority to maintain interest-bearing debt to equity ratio in an optimal level. At the end of the third quarter, interest

optimal level yet. Therefore, cost per unit was higher at this point, which should continue to impact the Company’s performance for the short term. However, the Company’s operating performance is expected

ratio in the optimal level. As of 31 December 2019, the ratio was 1.32x. During the past 4 years, MK Group was able to improve its gross profit margin continuously and increase the service income over

activities in 2018, as did the year 2017. The optimal capital structure The Company had Debt to Equity ratio 0.13:1 times, higher than that of 2017, 0.11:1 times, indicating low relative proportion of debt and