increased their media spending. Gross loss from online advertising for products and services was THB 0.42 million as high proportion of the costs was employee-related costs which are fixed costs. Services
emphasize on growing market share to become the leading brand in Thailand by stressing importance on effectiveness of corporate communication on both media advertising and promotional spending, as well as
, which is expected to commence in 2021. In 2019, Selling and administrative expenses (SG&A) level of spending was at 22.2% of sales (for Q4’19, SG&A spending was at 21.9% of sales), in accordance with the
and promotional spending as a percentage to sales. In addition, administrative expenses declined by -44.9% YoY in Q4’18 due to last year’s various extra expenses aforementioned. The Company Q4’18
income. Public spending also increased from spending on goods and services and compensation expenses while capital spending declined from the high base effect of last year from the disbursement of
, core SG&A declined, benefitting from lower selling and marketing expenses, administrative expenses reversal (lower pension spending), lower consulting fee as well as last year’s one-time expenses related
loss and high base of 2Q21 with one-time other income. Revised guidance from rising economic concerns Due to a rising concern on inflation, consumer spending, and continued intense competition, AIS
almost all nationality groups, especially the number of Chinese tourists. Meanwhile, domestic demand expanded at a gradual pace both the private consumption and investment. Public expenditure remained an
almost all nationality groups, especially the number of Chinese tourists. Meanwhile, domestic demand expanded at a gradual pace both the private consumption and investment. Public expenditure remained an
full-year contribution from Invista Germany. Capital Expenditure Program We continue to invest in the business to enhance overall production, vertical integration and quality of earnings. IVL balance