, the Chinese economic slowdown, resulting from its economic reforms, also hampered other economies, especially its major trade partners in Asia which had relied largely on China’s strength. The World
of 2019. Exports, tourism and private investment – among major economic activities – were hampered by the worse-than-expected global economic slowdown. Meanwhile, consumers’ purchasing power weakened
continuous trading activities. Examples include sending trading orders in a manner that pushed prices upward, placing bid offers at multiple price levels in a way that obstructed and pressured other investors
obstructed and pressured other investors to buy at higher prices, and matching trades among themselves. These actions misled the public regarding the price and trading volumes of the securities, causing the