the commercial bank during the second quarter of 2023 to the fourth quarter of 2023 causing a higher interest rate in the first quarter of 2024. In addition, the Group had loans addition for investment
management have handled the situation prudently and carefully. We have been focusing mainly on the financial health of the company including managing fixed and variable cost as well as liquidity management
& administrative expenses 313 525 67.7% EBITDA 342 444 29.9% Net profit from operation 209 235 12.6% Net profit (exc. Minority Interest) 221 273 23.4% Gross profit margin 58.4% 48.5% EBITDA margin 36.5% 25.4% NPAT
YoY (%) (Restated) Operating revenue 624 852 36.5% Cost of sales 256 356 39.1% Gross profit 368 496 34.8% EBITDA 443 352 -20.7% Interest expenses 5 23 401.9% NPAT from operation (excl. NCI) 187 192 2.8
% Interest expenses 6 23 25 9.1% 288.6% Tax 51 55 83 52.6% 62.7% Net profit2 194 175 202 15.4% 4.1% Adjusted net profit3 207 192 228 19.0% 10.3% Gross profit margin 58.9% 58.2% 60.4% EBITDA margin 40.4% 41.4
from operation 104 226 118.2% Net profit (exc. Minority Interest) 102 221 116.5% Gross profit margin 55.1% 58.2% EBITDA margin 23.5% 37.3% NPAT margin (from operation) 14.1% 24.3% NPAT margin (exc
0.4% 34.3% EBITDA 248 444 372 -16.2% 49.9% Adjusted EBITDA1 273 451 433 -4.1% 58.2% EBIT 151 333 260 -21.7% 72.7% Interest expenses 10 25 22 -10.7% 116.6% Tax 47 83 37 -55.4% -20.4% Net profit2 126 202
% 1,783 2,401 34.7% EBITDA 347 524 50.9% 1,357 1,691 24.6% Adjusted EBITDA1 350 535 52.7% 1,238 1,779 43.6% EBIT 252 413 63.9% 1,010 1,258 24.5% Interest expenses 10 17 64.9% 32 88 176.1% Tax 39 66 70.8
Finance costs comprise of interest expense from loans for the new investment projects, amortisation of prepaid transaction cost of borrowings and interest expense from lease liabilities. Finance costs
venture 545 409 136 33.1% Share of profit (loss) from investment in associates and joint venture 32 122 -90 -74.0% EBIT 577 531 46 8.6% Interest income 4 2 2 92.8% Finance cost -111 -77 -34 44.0% Income tax