to ensure that business operators have sufficient capital to cover risks associated with their operation and support business continuity. This will protect investors and build confidence in business

. This includes being subject to refunding mechanisms that will expedite refunds for victims. Furthermore, persons or digital asset wallet addresses associated with cybercrime activities must be identified

civil sanctions and associated procedures are available at:  https://www.sec.or.th/EN/pages/lawandregulations/civilpenalty.aspx

criminal offenses under the law shall be deemed the offenses whereby civil sanctions may be imposed on the offenders. Details of civil sanctions and associated procedures are available at: https

be associated with business operators' license and thus may have a risk that affects business operators' financial position or service system as well as investors’ benefits and confidence in the

seek for the approval. Crowdfunding portals must be established with an efficient IT system in accordance with  SEC’s rules and guidelines associated with establishment of IT system***, aiming to

committing fraud, misappropriating the company's assets and falsifying accounting records by executing concealed transactions through several associated companies abroad to exaggerate the company's operating

, from the opportunities and the associated risks to the terms and conditions. This is because applicants for the crowdfunding option are generally SMEs and startups with a small business size or at the

the offenders. Details of civil sanctions and associated procedures are available at:  https://www.sec.or.th/EN/pages/lawandregulations/civilpenalty.aspx

capital to increase flexibility. The SEC has also reviewed the haircut rates used in calculating the net capital to align them with the current situations and cover risks associated with various instruments