Oil price; Crude Palm Oil stock remains high. Management Discussion and Analysis of Business Operation for 1Q/2018 Bangchak Corporation Plc. I 16 3. Gross profit adjusted upward from raw material cost

Portugal) and higher cost of raw materials.  Profit after tax and NCI of $819 million, up 33% YoY.  TRIS Rating (an S&P partner) upgrade IVL to AA- from its earlier rating of A+. Indorama Ventures 2018 MD

increase in product sales volume of 8.15 percent and increase in raw material cost, salary and benefits of the employees, gas expenses and repair and maintenance expenses. Cost of services was Baht 216.88

centimeters, for use in moving goods. It has a weight of 500 kilograms to 2,000 kilograms, which provides more transportation and storage. Currently, the capacity is 15,000 tons/year. The raw materials are

the global steel industry participants in all the regions. Careful estimation for raw material purchasing and production cost management is seriously needed in order to cope with the more dynamic

price lag in HVA fibers and normalizing IPA margins.  Production increased 14% YoY to 2.7 million tons especially from new assets in Brazil and Portugal.  Higher crude oil prices and raw material cost

to levels last seen in 2015/16 as reflected in third quarter earnings. This has been achieved despite being negatively impacted by the cost increase from secondary raw material IPA by about $10 per ton

ethanol sales volume to increase by 171% YoY. Gross profit margin of molasses based ethanol business increased from lower raw material cost, while the gross profit margin for cassava based ethanol declined

unit of ethanol fuel product; as its price adjusted upwards by 0.3% in this quarter, while average raw material cost adjusted downwards with respect to cassava price, the main raw material, as a result

margin per unit of Ethanol product adjusted downward compared to the previous quarter, partly from slight decline in average selling price of Ethanol product. While average raw material cost increased from