. Also, there were concerns about pockets of risks in the property market, further accumulation of household debt, and debt serviceability of SMEs, especially those affected by changes in structural
power, as farm income continued to be constrained by low prices of agricultural products and nonfarm income remained lackluster. Moreover, high levels of household debt caused the generation of new loans
, 2019 and 2018 were 17.0% and 7.2%, respectively, mainly due to the improved overall performance as mentioned above 5. Debt to equity ratio Debt to equity ratio as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 were 0.7
had issued new debentures and loan from financial institutions. The debt to equity ratio and the interest-bearing debt to equity ratio as of 31 December 2019 were at 1.95 and 1.68 times respectively
only 0.12, which is a result of the large amount of current liabilities being due in one year, but also is at high financial risk with the debt to equity ratio of 12.44 as calculated based on the
household purchasing power remained weak. Despite improvements of both farm and nonfarm income, households’ purchasing power is compressed by the high debt burden and the waning confidence regarding
. On the domestic front, elevated household debt remains a constraint to purchasing power. In the meantime, domestic political situation also warrants monitoring as the government is preparing for an
amid high household debt, whereas public investment and the government’s budget disbursement were affected by a delay in the formation of a new government. Nevertheless, economic stability remained sound
the terms and conditions; (2) A waiver of the obligation to maintain the net debt-to-equity ratio throughout the term of the bonds; (3) A waiver of the terms and conditions to allow the