income 21.16 0.27% 6.55 0.10% 14.61 223.05% Selling and administrative expenses 107.85 1.40% 108.93 1.69% (1.08) -0.99% Profit from operations (43.44) -0.56% 438.99 6.83% (482.43) -109.90% EBITDA 73.00

selling expenses from multiple new products launch; and higher finance costs due to higher borrowings as a result of previous investments in machinery, subsidiaries, and joint ventures.  If considering

, (%) 26.0% 30.0% 34.9% Selling &Administration 1,804.3 1,817.6 1,694.9 Net Profit 2,014.9 2,544.5 -20.8% 3,038.7 -16.3% 14.4% 17.9% 22.0% The year 2018 continued to be a challenging year for KCE when

market share in the economic slowdown. When comparing the sale volume to the same period in 2018, decreased 0.9%. The company is not able to increase the selling price in the current economic conditions

. % Mio. % Mio. % Subsidiary Profit before Expenses 185.1 20.2% 241.1 26.0% 56.0 30.3% Selling Expenses 96.5 10.5% 107.6 11.6% 11.1 11.5% Administrative Expenses 65 7.1% 88.4 9.5% 23.4 36.0% EBIT 23.6 2.6

the price of raw material which was the main cost of sales of the Group. Selling Expenses Selling expenses mainly consist of salary for the café’s staff, space and equipment rental expenses at each

% Cost of sales and services 159.63 68.5% 135.06 67.9% 24.57 18.19% Gross profit 73.54 31.5% 63.78 32.1% 9.76 15.30% SG&A 44.75 19.2% 42.42 21.3% 2.33 5.50% Selling expenses 27.81 11.9% 20.75 10.4% 7.06

the selling and administration expenses from the same quarter of the previous year by THB 28. 1 million ( equal to 3. 9 percent) . A main reason is to the increase of the staff cost resulting from the

revenue from the available for sale of securities investment decrease total 15.86 million Baht from the second Quarter Ended June 30, 2016. (5) Selling and administrative expenses The Company and its

%) (835.6) (63.9 %) 24.8 % Gross Margin 482.6 31.6 % 471.2 36.1 % 2.4 % Selling Expenses (204.5) (13.4 %) (117.4) (9.0 %) 74.2 % Administrative Expenses (61.3) (4.0 %) (60.2) (4.6 %) 1.9 % Losses on exchange